Asian clam	Status LU: established. 1st record: 1996.
	Kleng asiatesch Kuerfmuschel	Status Eur.: established.
	Palourde asiatique	RA: ISEIA: A2, Black List. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Asiatische Körbchenmuschel	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies: n/a (2020) | CABI
	Aziatische korfmossel	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Corbicula fluminea (O.F. Müller, 1774) is an inland water, filter-feeding bivalve native to southeast Asia but causing numerous problems in its new range of distribution in the Americas, Europe and Australia. C. fluminea spreads when it is attached to boats or carried in ballast water, used as bait, sold through the aquarium trade and carried with water currents. Its reproductive success and ability to spread rapidly has resulted in this species having one of the most rapid expansions of any non-native species in North America. Before the invasion of the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha, in North America, C. fluminea was described by McMahon (1983) as ‘one of the most important molluscan pest species ever introduced into the United States’. Aldridge and Muller (2001) review the potential impacts that the spread of C. fluminea may have on British industry and aquatic systems. In the DAISIE project, C. fluminea is listed on the 100 worst invasive species (CABI 2019).

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

In Luxembourg, Corbicula fluminea (O.F. Müller, 1774) was first documented by Klaus Groh on 17 June 1996 in the Moselle river in the municipality of Remich (MNHNL 2000-). It was expected by 1995 that the species would soon appear in the Moselle (Dhur & Massard 1995: 150).

An identification sheet of the species has been published by the MECDD in French and German. A flyer about invasive mussels has been published by natur&ëmwelt.

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

A2 (3+3+3+3) = Black List (Ries et al. 2017: 68).

Harmonia+ protocol

Not assessed yet.

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• CABI, 2019. Corbicula fluminea (O.F. Müller, 1774). In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. URL: www.cabi.org/isc [accessed 2020-04-21]
• Dhur, G. & J.A. Massard, 1995. Étude historique et faunistique des Invertébrés immigrés ou introduits dans la Moselle luxembourgeoise et ses affluents. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 96: 127-156. [PDF 1896 KB]
• MNHNL, 2000-. Corbicula fluminea (O.F. Müller, 1774) in Recorder-Lux, database on the natural heritage of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2019-10-24]
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2019. Corbicula fluminea (O.F. Müller, 1774) in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2019-10-24]
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]

 Page content last updated on 2024-09-09.

	Zebra mussel	Status LU: established. 1st record: <1892.
	Zebramuschel	Status Eur.: established.
	Moule zébrée	RA: ISEIA: A2, Black List. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Zebramuschel	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies: n/a | CABI
	Driehoeksmossel	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

To date, D. polymorpha has been the most aggressive freshwater invader worldwide. Dreissenids are the only freshwater bivalves that attach to hard substrates in high densities and have a planktonic larval stage. This life history facilitates their abilities as invaders, and allows them to become enormously abundant when introduced into a new water body. Once introduced their populations can grow rapidly, and the total biomass of a population can exceed 10 times that of all other native benthic invertebrates. D. polymorpha is native to the drainage basins of the Black, Caspian and Aral Seas. During the nineteenth century its range has expanded westward to most of western Europe, the UK, and North America, where it is found in the Great Lakes and all major river drainages east of the Rocky Mountains and causes multiple economic impacts on fisheries, aquaculture, water attractions and aquatic transport (CABI 2019).

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

In Luxembourg, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) was first mentioned by Victor Ferrant in 1892 as occurring in the Moselle river (Ferrant 1892; Dhur & Massard 1995; MNHNL 2000-).

An identification sheet of the species has been published by the MECDD in French and German. A flyer about invasive mussels has been published by natur&ëmwelt.

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

A2 (3+3+3+3) = Black List (Ries et al. 2017: 68).

Harmonia+ protocol

Not assessed yet.

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• CABI, 2019. Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771). In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. URL: www.cabi.org/isc [accessed 2020-04-21]
• Dhur, G. & J.A. Massard, 1995. Étude historique et faunistique des Invertébrés immigrés ou introduits dans la Moselle luxembourgeoise et ses affluents. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 96: 127-156. [PDF 1896 KB]
• Ferrant, V., 1892. Beiträge zur Molluskenfauna des Grossherzogtums Luxemburg (Schluss). Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 2: 21-26. [PDF 419 KB]
• MNHNL, 2000-. Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) in Recorder-Lux, database on the natural heritage of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2019-10-24]
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2019. Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2019-10-24]
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]

 Page content last updated on 2024-09-09.

	Chinese mitten crab	Status LU: casual. 1st record: 1978.
	Chinesesch Wollhandkrabb	Status Eur.: established. IAS of EU concern (2016).
	Crabe chinois	RA: ISEIA: C0. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Chinesische Wollhandkrabbe	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies: | IUCNGISD | CABI
	Chinese wolhandkrab	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards, 1853 is a migrating crab which has invaded Europe and North America from its native region of Asia. During its mass migrations it contributes to the temporary local extinction of native invertebrates. It modifies habitats by causing erosion due to its intensive burrowing activity and costs fisheries and aquaculture several hundreds of thousands of dollars per year by consuming bait and trapped fish, as well as by damaging gear (GISD 2019).

IAS of Union concern

In 2016, Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards, 1853 was added to the list of invasive alien species of Union concern (Anonymous 2016) which implies that member states shall take all necessary steps to prevent it’s unintentional introduction or spread.

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

There is no distribution map available because no data has been entered into the Recorder-Lux database so far (MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF 2019).

Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards, 1853 was first documented in Luxembourg in 1978 by Claude Meisch who found one individual in a pond of the Haff Réimech nature conservation reserve, municipality of Schengen (Meisch 1978): “It can be regarded as relatively common in the Moselle valley. A single specimen was found in the pond area. It must be regarded as an aberration, since the ponds do not correspond to its normal location”.

Field research by Dhur and Massard in the years 1992-1993 did not find Eriocheir sinensis in the ecosystem of the border Moselle (Dhur & Massard 1995): “It seems likely that currently the species, even if its presence seems confirmed for the period before 1960, no longer populates the waters of the Luxembourg Moselle. A call to fishermen in 1994 (Massard 1994)¹ for them to report a possible presence of Eriocheir did not produce any results. In fact, after its expansion phase, Eriocheir has become considerably scarcer over the past forty years in most of the colonised areas of northern France and the Benelux (Vigneux et al. 1993). No E. sinensis stations are indicated in Lorraine by Vigneux et al. (1993), neither for the period before 1960 nor for the one after.”

On 4 March 2020, two adult crabs of the species Eriocheir sinensis (1 male and 1 female) were found by an inhabitant of the ‘Petite rue du Moulin’ in Esch-sur-Alzette.The crabs were brought to the National Museum of Natural History.

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

C0 (2+1+2+2) (Ries et al. 2017: 68).

Harmonia+ protocol

Not assessed yet.

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• Anonymous, 2016. Commission implementing regulation (EU) 2016/1141 of 13 July 2016 adopting a list of invasive alien species of Union concern pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council. Official Journal of the European Union L 189: 4-5.
• CABI, 2014. Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards, 1853 [original text by Stephan Gollasch & Paul Clark]. In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. URL: www.cabi.org/isc [accessed 2019-11-25]
• Dhur, G. et J. A. Massard, 1995. Étude historique et faunistique des Invertébrés immigrés ou introduits dans la Moselle luxembourgeoise et ses affluents. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 96: 127-156. [PDF]
• GISD, 2019. Species profile: Eriocheir sinensis in the Global Invasive Species Database. URL: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=38 [accessed 2019-11-26]
• Massard, J. A., 1994. Gesucht: die Chinesische Wollhandkrabbe. Lëtzebuerger Journal 1994, Nr. 94 (19. Mai): 10.
• Meisch, C., 1978. Nachweis der Wollhandkrabbe (Eriocheir sinensis). P. 40 in: Baggerweieren Remerschen/Wentreng: Erhuelung an Naturschutz oder Ausverkaf vun enger Landschaft? Jeunes et environnement, Luxembourg. [PDF]
• Meisch, C. & J.A. Massard, 2015. Les recherches sur les crustacés (Crustacea) du Luxembourg : aperçu historique. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 116: 381-390. [PDF 1,22 MB]
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2019. MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2019-10-25]
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]
• Vigneux, E., P. Keith & P. Noël, 1993. Atlas préliminaire des Crustacés Décapodes d’eau douce de France. Coll. Patrimoines Naturels 14, S.F.F., 8.1.M.M.-M.N.H.N., Min. Env., Paris, 55 p.

 Page content last updated on 2020-03-12. Last proofread by Caroline Grounds on 2019-12-10.

1. This call also appeared in other newspapers and periodicals[↩]

	Caspian mud shrimp	Status LU: (?). 1st record: 1992.
	Kaspesch Bulliscrevette	Status Eur.: established.
	n/a	RA: ISEIA: B3, Watch List. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Süßwasser-Röhrenkrebs	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies: n/a (2020) | CABI
	Kaspische slijkgarnaal	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Chelicorophium curvispinum (G.O. Sars, 1895) (Syn.: Corophium curvispinum) These small crustaceans construct mud tubes on hard materials and are nocturnal filterers. Densities can be extremely high (over 200,000 individuals per m²). They are often associated with seaweeds. With their lifestyle, the crustaceans can provoke important ecological changes in occupied areas.

See the copyrighted pictures at cabi.org

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

Chelicorophium curvispinum (G.O. Sars, 1895) was first documented by Guy Duhr in August 1992 in the Moselle near Stadtbredimus, municipality of Stadtbredimus (Dhur 1993 cited in Dhur & Massard 1995: 138).

Currently, there are no records of the species in the mdata.mnhn.lu portal (MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF 2020).

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

B3 (3+1+3+2) = Watch List (Ries et al. 2017: 68).

Harmonia+ protocol

Not assessed yet.

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• CABI, 2019. Chelicorophium curvispinum. In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. URL: www.cabi.org/isc [accessed 2020-03-13]
• Duhr, G., 1993. Étude des espèces d’invertébrés immigrés ou introduites dans la Moselle luxembourgeoise et dans les écosystèmes aquatiques qui en dépendent. Historique et répartition actuelle. Centre univ. Luxemb., Dép. Form. pédag., mém. sci. 213 p.
• Dhur, G. & J. A. Massard, 1995. Étude historique et faunistique des Invertébrés immigrés ou introduits dans la Moselle luxembourgeoise et ses affluents. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 96 : 127-156. [PDF 1896 KB]
• Meisch, C. & J.A. Massard, 2015. Les recherches sur les crustacés (Crustacea) du Luxembourg : aperçu historique. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 116: 381-390. [PDF 1,22 MB]
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2020. Chelicorophium curvispinum in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [accessed 2020-03-13]
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]

 Page content last updated on 2020-04-28. Last proofread by Caroline Grounds on 2019-12-05.

	Fishhook waterflea	Status LU: absent.
	Kaspesche Waasserflou	Status Eur.: established.
	n/a	RA: ISEIA: B0, Alert List. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Kaspischer Wasserfloh	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies:
	n/a	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Cercopagis pengoi is a voracious predator which feeds on zooplankton and competes with native species. The species appears on the list of “One Hundred of the World’s Worst Invasive Alien Species” as defined by the Global Invasive Species Database (Lowe 2004, Luque et al. 2014).

See also the copyrighted picture at cabi.org

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

The species has not yet been documented for Luxembourg (MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF 2020).

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

B0 (2+2+3+3) = Alert List (Ries et al. 2017: 68).

Harmonia+ protocol

Not assessed yet.

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• CABI, 2019. Cercopagis pengoi. In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. URL: www.cabi.org/isc [accessed 2020-03-13]
• Lowe S., M. Browne, S. Boudjelas, M. De Poorter, 2004. 100 of the World’s worst invasive alien species. A selection from the Global Invasive Species Database. The Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) a specialist group of the Species Survival Commission (SSC) of the World Conservation Union (IUCN).
• Luque, G.M., C. Bellard, C. Bertelsmeier, E. Bonnaud, P. Genovesi, D. Simberloff, F. Courchamp, 2014. The 100th of the world’s worst invasive alien species. Biol Invasions 16: 981-985. doi:10.1007/s10530-013-0561-5
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2020. Cercopagis pengoi in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [accessed 2020-03-13]
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]

 Page content last updated on 2020-04-28. Last proofread by Caroline Grounds on 2019-12-05.

	Danube crayfish	Status LU: casual (?). 1st record: 1999.
	Europäesche Suppekriibs	Status Eur.: established.
	Ecrevisse turque	RA: ISEIA: C1. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Galizischer Sumpfkrebs	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies: n/a (2020) | CABI
	n/a	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 is a large Eastern European river crayfish. The Galician crayfish grows to a size of 16 to 18 cm, in extreme cases up to 25 cm. The basic colouration is usually light sand-coloured to light brown. It is slimmer than the Noble crayfish and its most conspicuous distinguishing features are the two extremely long, scissor-like claws (Wikipedia contributors 2019).

The crayfish prefers warm, nutrient-rich waters of the lowland or running waters with a slow current. It also lives in very muddy waters (swamp crayfish). If suitable embankments are available, it digs residential caves itself. It has a higher resistance against pollution than the Noble crayfish (Wikipedia contributors 2019).

Originally, the crayfish was resident in the catchment area of the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. After the crab plague occurred, it was used in some waters of Central Europe, as it was thought that this species was resistant to the crab plague. All current occurrences in Central Europe are based on these stocking measures (Wikipedia contributors 2019).

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 was first documented by Yoichi Machino in 1999 in ponds in the valley of the Rouderbaach creek (Grevenmacher) (MNHNL 2000-). Another documented occurence near the Belgium border north-west of Doncols might in reality be located in Belgium since the indicated GPS-precision is only 700 m and all other data from 1995 and 1996 are located in Belgium.

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

C1 (1+1+1+1) (Ries et al. 2017: 68).

Harmonia+ protocol

Not assessed yet.

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• CABI, 2019. Astacus leptodactylus. In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. URL: www.cabi.org/isc [accessed 2020-03-04]
• MNHNL, 2000-. Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 in Recorder-Lux, database on the natural heritage of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2019-10-24]
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2019. Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2019-10-24]
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]
• Wikipedia contributors, 2019. Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 in Wikipedia, Die freie Enzyklopädie. URL: https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Galizischer_Sumpfkrebs&oldid=181993475 [accessed 24. October 2019]

 Page content last updated on 2023-01-22. Last proofread by Caroline Grounds on 2019-12-05.

	Asian black hornet1	Status LU: casual. 1st record: 2020.
	Asiatesch Runn mat schwaarzem Thorax	Status Eur.: established. IAS of EU concern (2016).
	Frelon asiatique à thorax noir2	RA: ISEIA: C2. Harmonia+: 0.39.
	Asiatische Hornisse3	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies:  | CABI
	Aziatische hoornaar4	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Vespa velutina nigrithorax du Buysson, 1905 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) is a hornet of Asian origin which is a generalist predator of medium- to large-sized insects, and scavenger of vertebrate carrion. It has large impacts on Diptera and social hymenopterans, and in particular on honey bees (Apis spp.). It has recently been spreading in Asia (it is an invasive species in South Korea and Japan), and the subspecies V. v. nigrithorax has been accidentally introduced to Europe where it was first recorded from southern France in 2004 (Villemant et al. 2006a: 536, 2006b). Since then it has been found in Spain (2010; López et al. 2011), Portugal (2011; Grosso-Silva & Maia 2012), Belgium (2011, 2016; Barbier & Renneson 2018), Italy (2012; Federazione Apicoltori Italiani 2013), Germany (2014; von Orlow 2014), the Balearic Islands (2015; Leza et al. 2018), the Channel Islands (2016; States of Guernsey Government 2016), the UK (2016; Budge et al. 2017), the Netherlands (2017; Smit et al. 2017), Switzerland (2017; Ebener 2017), Luxembourg (2020; MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2020). This invasive species can threaten honey production and native pollinating insects. It may be introduced and transported accidentally with soil associated with plants, garden furniture and pots, timber, vegetables, camping equipment, etc. (CABI 2019).

Further invasions are expected in various countries covering much of Europe.

IAS of Union concern

In 2016, Vespa velutina nigrithorax du Buysson, 1905 was added to the list of invasive alien species of Union concern (Anonymous 2016) which implies that member states shall take all necessary steps to prevent it’s unintentional introduction or spread.

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

Vespa velutina nigrithorax du Buysson, 1905 was first recorded in the wild in Luxembourg by Thierry Helminger on 2^nd September 2020: a few individuals on grapes from a vine in a garden (Helminger 2020, Ries et al. 2021).

Before that, in August 2012, the alleged first observation of Vespa velutina in Luxembourg was published in a daily newspaper, which turned out to be wrong, as it contains photos of V. crabro (Back 2012b). 11 days before, the same journalist had already published an article about this Asian hornet species in Belgium (Back 2012a).

By the end of 2021, 28 records of the Asian black hornet in Luxembourg were accessible through the MNHNL-mdata portal (MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF 2000-). As was to be expected, the number of observations shows a increasing tendency and reached 68 observations by the end of July 2024.

Photo gallery

Management

Action plan

An action plan concerning the Asian hornet has been published in 2021:

→ Finalised Action Plan for Vespa velutina nigrithorax (Proess 2021)

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

Following its discovery in Luxembourg on 2nd September 2020, the species has been reassessed on 3^rd September to C1 (3+1+1+1) by Christian Ries. It has to be considered as C2 by now. Assessment before the appearance of the species in Luxembourg: C0 (3+1+1+1) (Ries et al. 2017: 69).

Harmonia+ protocol

Overall risk score 0,39 = (Overall Invasion score 0,72 x Overall Impact score 0,55) (Ries et al. 2021: 187-188).

Worldwide distribution

Outreach

Between the publication of the leaflet in 2016 (DE) and 2017 (FR) and the first observation of the Asian black hornet in Luxembourg on 2020/09/02, 18 reports were sent to the authorities, mostly mistaken for the native Eurasian hornet. 29 reports were sent between the first observation (2020/09/02) and the press release (2020/09/28), 12 were correct. After the press release, 103 reports were sent to date (2020/11/24), of which 11 were indeed reporting the Asian black hornet.

Of the 151 reports of Vespa velutina nigrithorax, 23 were correct and 19 reports without photo or specimen could not be validated. In the remaining reports, the following species have been mistaken for the Asian black hornet: Bombus sp. (1x), Dolichovespula saxonica (1x),Dolichovespula sp. (1x), Polistes dominula (6x), Polistes nimpha (1x), Tabanus bovinus (2x), Vespa crabro (63x,  the native Eurasian hornet), Vespula germanica (31x), Vespula sp. (1x), Volucella zonaria (2x; the hornet mimic hoverfly).

Press release (2020-09)

Press release of 28 September 2020: “First detections of the Asian black hornet in Luxembourg” (FR & DE)

Poster (2022-01)

In 2022, the Luxembourg Nature and Forestry Administration has published a poster to help differentiate between the Asian Black Hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) and the Native Hornet (Vespa crabro).

• Poster in PNG format: 1.2 MB (French)
• Poster in PDF format: 7.4 MB (French)

Leaflets

Updated leaflets (November 2020)

       

Old versions (2016, 2017)

In spring 2016 the Department for the Environment of the Luxembourg Ministry of sustainable development and infrastructures published a leaflet in German about Vespa velutina, in co-operation with the Nature and Forestry Administration, the National Museum of Natural History, natur&ëmwelt and the national bee-keeping association. A French version was produced in spring 2017. It can be downloaded here in PDF format (~400KB each).

Links

• Beehive protection: a transparent barrier which keeps killer hornets away from beehives, while providing safe outlets to allow them to fly around inside and outside the beehive in total safety to search for food.
• Association Action anti-Frelon-asiatique (AAAFA) (France)

References

• Anonymous, 2016. Commission implementing regulation (EU) 2016/1141 of 13 July 2016 adopting a list of invasive alien species of Union concern pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council. Official Journal of the European Union L 189: 4-5.
• Back, A., 2012a. Bienenfresser aus Fernost. Wallonien rüstet sich gegen die Asiatische Hornisse, Luxemburg blieb bislang verschont. Tageblatt 180, 2012-08-03: 7. [JPG]
• Back, A., 2012b. Bienenfresser aus Fernost, Teil II. Asiatische Hornisse auch in Luxemburg angekommen. Tageblatt 189, 2012-08-14: 14. [JPG] [Note: This article in a daily newspaper about the arrival of Vespa velutina in Luxembourg is wrong, as it shows photos of V. crabro.]
• Barbier Y. & J.-L. Renneson (2018) Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836. Atlas Hymenoptera. URL: http://www.atlashymenoptera.net/pagetaxon.asp?tx_id=3877 [2018.01.03]
• Budge G.E., J. Hodgetts, E.P. Jones, J.C. Ostojá-Starzewski, J. Hall, V. Tomkies, et al., 2017. The invasion, provenance and diversity of Vespa velutina Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Great Britain. PLoS ONE 12(9): e0185172. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185172
• CABI, 2019. Vespa velutina [text by Sarah Bunker, UK; CRCNPB Australia]. In: Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. URL: www.cabi.org/isc [accessed 2020-01-31]
• Ebener, A., 2017. Arrivée du frelon asiatique en Suisse. Communiqué d’apiservice. URL: https://ffa-vfb.ch/2017/04/26/apiservice-arrivee-du-frelon-asiatique-en-suisse/
• Federazione Apicoltori Italiani, 2013. Vespa velutina: prima segnalazione in Italia. E’ allarme!. Rome, Italy: Federazione Apicoltori Italiani.
• Grosso-Silva J.M. & M. Maia, 2012. Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae), new species for Portugal. In: Arquivos Entomolóxicos, 6 53-54.
• Helminger, T., 2020. Personal communication by e-mail to C. Ries on 3rd September 2020.
• Leza M., M. Á. Miranda & V. Colomar, 2018. First detection of Vespa velutina nigrithorax (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean): a challenging study case. Biological Invasions. 20 (7), 1643-1649. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-017-1658-z DOI:10.1007/s10530-017-1658-z
• López, S., M. González & A. Goldarazena, 2011. Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae): first records in Iberian Peninsula. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin. 41 (3), 439-441.
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2020. Vespa velutina nigrithorax du Buysson, 1905 in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2020-09-18]
• Proess, R., 2021. Plan d’action pour espèces exotiques envahissantes au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg : le Frelon asiatique à pattes jaunes (Vespa velutina nigrithorax du Buysson, 1905). Version de janvier 2021. Plan élaboré pour le compte de l’Administration de la nature et des forêts, Luxembourg. 24 pp.
• Renneson, J.-L. & N. Schneider, 2020. Rapport de visite de terrain – recherche du frelon asiatique à Junglinster. Rapport non-publié du 06/09/2020, Marbehan.
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]
• Ries, C., N. Schneider, F. Vitali & A. Weigand, 2021. First records and distribution of the invasive alien hornet Vespa velutina nigrithorax du Buysson, 1905 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Luxembourg. Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois 123: 181-193. [PDF 3 MB]
• Smit J, R van de Roer, R Fontein & A de Wilde (2017) Eerste vondst van de aziatische hoornaar Vespa velutina nigrithorax in Nederland (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen 49: 1-10.
• States of Guernsey Government, 2016. Asian hornet identified in Alderney., https://www.gov.gg/article/155332/Asian-Hornet-identified-in-Alderney
• Villemant, C., J. Haxaire & J.-C. Streito, 2006a. Premier bilan de l’invasion de Vespa velutina Lepeletier en France (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 111 (4): 535-538. [PDF]
• Villemant, C., J. Haxaire & J.-C. Streito, 2006b. La découverte du frelon asiatique Vespa velutina, en France. In: Insectes, 143 (4) 3-7. [PDF]
• von Orlow, M., 2014. Asiatische Hornisse hat Deutschland erreicht. Nachweis bei Karlsruhe / Imker befürchten Schäden an Bienenvölkern. URL: https://www.nabu.de/news/2014/09/17045.html

 Page content last updated on 2024-07-31. Last proofread by Caroline Grounds on 2019-12-12.

1. Many authors use the English common name “yellow-leeged Asian hornet”, which is wrong in 2 ways: (1) not the legs, but the feet (tarsi) are yellow; (2) there is another subspecies, V. v. flavitarsis Sonan, 1939, which has yellow feet. So a better common name would refer to the subspecies name nigrithorax as Asian black hornet.[↩]
2. Many authors use the French common name “Frelon asiatique à pattes jaunes”, which is wrong in 2 ways: (1) not the legs (“pattes”), but the feet (“tarses”) are yellow; (2) there is another subspecies, V. v. flavitarsis Sonan, 1939, which has yellow feet. So a better common name would refer to the subspecies name nigrithorax as “Frelon asiatique à thorax noir”.[↩]
3. The German common name “Asiatische Hornisse” actually refers to the species Vespa velutina, of which only one, V. v. nigrithorax occurs in Europe. As soon as further subspecies arrive in Europe, such common names will be confusing.[↩]
4. Cf. the reference under the German common name.[↩]

	Buffalo treehopper	Status LU: established. 1st record: 2002.
	Büffel-Zikad	Status Eur.: established.
	Cicadelle bison	RA: ISEIA: C2. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Büffelzikade	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies: n/a (2020)
	Buffelcicade	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Stictocephala bisonia Kopp & Yonke, 1977 is a species of treehopper belonging to the subfamily Membracinae. It is also sometimes classified as Ceresa bisonia. This species is native to North America, but now it is widespread throughout southern Europe and it is also present in the Near East and in North Africa. Both adult and immature buffalo treehoppers feed upon sap using specialized mouthparts suited for this purpose. Black locust, clover, elm, goldenrod, and willow are among their favorite food sources. It is also an occasional pest of fruit trees and is harmful to young orchard trees, especially apple trees. It has become an invasive species in some parts of Europe (Wikipedia contributors 2020).

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

Stictocephala bisonia Kopp & Yonke, 1977 was first documented by Robert Biedermann on 15th September 2002 near Remerschen, municipality of Schengen (MNHNL 2000-).

Currently, 61 records of the buffalo treehopper in Luxembourg are accessible through the MNHNL-mdata portal, most of them in the Gutland, the southern half of the country (MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF 2021).

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

C2 (2+1+1+1) (Ries et al. 2017: 69).

Harmonia+ protocol

Not assessed yet.

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• GBIF, 2019. Stictocephala bisonia Kopp & Yonke, 1977 in GBIF Secretariat (2019). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei [accessed 2020-04-21]
• MNHNL, 2000-. Stictocephala bisonia Kopp & Yonke, 1977 in Recorder-Lux, database on the natural heritage of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2020-04-21]
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2021. Stictocephala bisonia Kopp & Yonke, 1977 in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2021-04-14]
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]
• Wikipedia contributors, 2020. ‘Buffalo treehopper’, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 3 January 2020, 06:54 UTC, <https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buffalo_treehopper&oldid=933829844> [accessed 2020-04-21]

 Page content last updated on 2021-12-13.

	Andromeda lace bug	Status LU: casual. 1st record: 2019.
	Andromeda-Netzwanz	Status Eur.: established.
	n/a	RA: ISEIA: C1. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Andromeda-Netzwanze	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies: n/a (2020)
	Rotsheidenetwants	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Stephanitis takeyai Drake & Maa, 1955 is a pest insect on plants of the genus Pieris, especially Pieris japonica, the Japanese andromeda. It originated in Japan with its host plant but has since been introduced to other areas of the globe. The andromeda lace bug is about 3 millimeters in length. It has a characteristic rounded pronotum, lacy black and white wings, and shiny gold highlighting. The bug produces mottling on the leaves of the plant, and heavy infestations can cause the leaves to drop in large numbers, stunting the plant’s growth. Both nymph and adult forms damage the leaves by piercing them to suck the juices, and leave dark frass on the undersides of the leaves. Damage is worst on plants that grow in full sun (Wikipedia contributors 2018).

“Stephanitis takeyai is an invasive Tingidae native to Japan. It was introduced to Europe in 1994 through the plant trade in the Netherlands with its feeder plant Pieris japonica (Aukema 1996). It reached Germany in 2002 (Baufeld 2002), Belgium in 2003 (Aukema et al. 2005) and France in 2004 (Streito 2006)” (Schneider 2020).

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

Stephanitis takeyai Drake & Maa, 1955 was first found on 24^th June 2019 in the kitchen of a private house in Roeser. The often open door of this kitchen communicates with a garden in which grows Pieris japonica (the Japanese andromeda), the host plant of the Andromeda lace bug (Schneider 2020: 100).

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

Following its discovery in Luxembourg in 2019, the species has been reassessed on 14^th September 2020 to C1 (3+1+1+1) by Christian Ries. Assessment before the appearance of the species in Luxembourg: C1 (3+1+1+1) (Ries et al. 2017: 69).

Harmonia+ protocol

Overall risk score 0,08 = (Overall Invasion score 0,37 x Overall Impact score 0,39) (evaluated by Jennifer Cross, Svenja Christian and Roland Proess).

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• Aukema, B., 1996. Stephanitis takeyai on Pieris japonica. Mededelingen van de Plantenziektenkundige Dienst 179: 46–47
• Aukema, B., J. M. Bruers & G. Viskens, 2005. Nieuwe en zeldzame Belgische wantsen (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Bulletin van de Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging voor Entomologie 141: 33–37.
• Baufeld, P., 2002. Die Andromedanetzwanze (Stephanitis takeyai) – ein neuer Schädling an Ziergehölzen. Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienstes 54: 318–319.
• GBIF, 2019. Stephanitis takeyai Drake & Maa, 1955 in GBIF Secretariat (2019). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei [accessed 2020-04-20]
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2020. Stephanitis takeyai Drake & Maa, 1955 in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2020-04-20]
• Rabitsch, W., 2010. True Bugs (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). Biorisk 4: 407-433. Pensoft. Sofia-Moscow. Doi: 10.3897/biorisk.4.44
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]
• Schneider, N., 2020. Premières mentions d’Oxycarenus lavaterae (Fabricius, 1787), de Tropidothorax leucopterus (Goeze, 1778) et de Stephanitis takeyai Drake & Maa, 1955 (Insecta, Hemiptera, Heteroptera) au Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 122 : 99-102. [PDF]
• Streito, J.C., 2006. Note sur quelques espèces envahissantes de Tingidae : Corythucha ciliata (Say, 1932), Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott, 1874) et Stephanitis takeyai Drake & Maa, 1955 (Hemiptera Tingidae). L’Entomologiste 62 : 31-36.
• Wikipedia contributors, 2018. Stephanitis takeyai, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 21 March 2018, 10:34 UTC, <https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stephanitis_takeyai&oldid=831595662> [accessed20 April 2020]

 Page content last updated on 2024-03-06.

	Rhododendron lace bug	Status LU: absent.
	Rhododendron-Netzwanz	Status Eur.: established.
	Tigre du rhododendron	RA: ISEIA: C0. Harmonia+: n/a.
	Rhododendron-Netzwanze	Wikipedia: | Wikispecies:
	—	Back to the list of invertebrates

Brief description

Stephanitis rhododendri Horvath is a species of lace bug in the family Tingidae. It is found in Africa, Australia, Europe & Northern Asia (excluding China), and North America  (Wikipedia contributors, 2019).

Status and distribution in Luxembourg

Stephanitis rhododendri Horvath has not yet been reported from Luxembourg (MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF 2020).

Risk assessment

ISEIA protocol

C0 (3+1+1+1) (Ries et al. 2017: 69).

Harmonia+ protocol

Overall risk score 0,08 = (Overall Invasion score 0,37 x Overall Impact score 0,39) (evaluated by Jennifer Cross, Svenja Christian and Roland Proess).

Worldwide distribution

Bibliography

• GBIF, 2020. Stephanitis rhododendri Horvath in GBIF Secretariat (2019). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei [accessed 2020-04-20]
• MNHNL, iNaturalist & GBIF, 2020. Stephanitis rhododendri Horvath in MNHNL-mdata, online portal combining species observation from Recorder-Lux, iNaturalist and GBIF. National Museum of Natural History, Luxembourg. URL: https://mdata.mnhn.lu [Accessed 2020-04-20]
• Ries, C., A. Arendt, C. Braunert, S. Christian, A. Dohet, A. Frantz, G. Geimer, M. Hellers, J. A. Massard, X. Mestdagh, R. Proess, N. Schneider & M. Pfeiffenschneider, 2017. Environmental impact assessment and black, watch and alert list classification after the ISEIA Protocol of invertebrates in Luxembourg. Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb. 119: 63-70. [PDF 360 KB]
• Wikipedia contributors, 2019. Stephanitis rhododendri, in: Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 23 September 2019, 04:36 UTC, <https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stephanitis_rhododendri&oldid=917291154> [accessed 2020-04-20]

 Page content last updated on 2024-08-09.